However the conditions were kept the same for each drop of the ball. These balls do not bounce as well as balls with high air pressure. The motion of the ball can be split into different stages depending on the direction of the velocity vector; these stages are listed below. If you change more than one at a time, you will not know what variable is causing your observation. Averages are more reliable than using one result as they take into account variation between results. What Effects the Bounce of a Dropped Ball WebThe independent variables in the experiment are the heights that the balls are dropped from, the surface that the ball bounces on, the type of ball used, ball is dropped vertically, and that when dropping a ball no force is applied. D (60%) The ball did not reach terminal velocity however as it did not have enough time to accelerate to its terminal velocity. At the point of maximum height, the ball momentarily has zero velocity, and the direction of velocity is changing from positive to negative. Choose one of the variables you listed in #4, and design an experiment to test it. Also it will affect its bouncing properties. Repeat your tests for each different type of bouncing surface and record the results in a table like this: Experiments are often done in series. Therefore the results are valid. Is a bouncing ball an example of Newton's third law? The last term can be the lowest height of the ball before it comes to an end as seen below. The more KE the ball leaves the floor with the longer it takes to stop due to the force of gravity and return back to the floor again. As drag is a squared function, proportional to the square of the velocity, it is impossible to calculate the velocity that the ball hits the floor at. A thrown or batted ball may travel faster than the terminal speed, but it will experience a large drag force from the air which is greater than its weight. Dropping a ball from different heights Dropping a ball from different heights could affect It shows that heights were recorded that exceeded the height that the ball would have reached had it been dropped in a vacuum. Once the ball hits the ground, its displacement is momentarily zero. What is the velocity of the ball at the point of maximum height? the Scientific Method This calculation is shown in the data analysis section above. Make a step-by-step list of what you will do to answer each question. Potential energy is the energy of position, and it depends on the mass of the ball and its height above the surface. A series of experiments that includes a control is called a controlled experiment.. Control variable - Wikipedia Your bibliography must contain sources that are available to you (at your school or local library). These inaccuracies could have been caused by external factors or parallax error even though efforts were made to avoid parallax error occurring - by dropping the ball one time that was not measured and placing a blob of blue tack onto the meter rule at the approximate height it bounced to. The ball did not appear to reach its terminal velocity which also supports my prediction. What Effects the Bounce of a Dropped Ball These two results were excluded when averages were being calculated and therefore the average variation between results used for calculating the average was even less than 3cm. Changes in air pressure could have affected results as could changes in temperature however changes in these two factors would have been small; air pressure would not have changed enough to affect the results in the hour period in which the experiment was conducted, and although the rooms temperature may have increased by a degree or two, due to body heat, over the course of the period temperature was not a major factor that affected the height to which the ball bounced and would not have significantly affected the results. WebLearn how to identify types of variables in a simple experiment with bouncing balls. The push that the ball receives from the floor at the moment of the impact causes it to bounce upwards. Hypothesis. Is your hypothesis correct? Something about its situation then must determine its rebound, but what? You may need to calculate the average of bounce height. These equations allow us to predict how a change will affect the system without the need to do additional experiments. The weight and material of the ball will be kept the same throughout the experiment by using the same ball. Course of Theoretical Physics : Mechanics (Course of Theoretical Physics), Engineering Mechanics Dynamics (11th Edition). Is a bouncing ball an example of oscillatory motion? In air considerations have to be taken into account such as air resistance but even so the rough height to which it will bounce to can be predicted before dropping the ball. Why? The longer it takes to stop, the higher it bounces to. Using the geometric sequence formula, the sum of the terms which are the heights of the ball after each bound: \(S_n = \frac{\alpha(1-r^n)}{1-r} = \frac{6m(1-0.38^5)}{1-0.38} = 9.6 m\). If you determine that experimental errors are influencing your results, carefully rethink the design of your experiments. Using the trends in your experimental data and your experimental observations, try to answer your original questions. By registering you get free access to our website and app (available on desktop AND mobile) which will help you to super-charge your learning process. Also the facts that there were no anomalies and that all of the points were very close to the line of best fit show that the experiment was relatively accurate. At this level, science becomes even more interesting and powerful.8. However when the ball is dropped from a relatively low height, drag 0. WebVariables: Height from which the ball is dropped Mass of the ball Material ball is made from External factors, i.e. Materials:-Carbon Paper-Goggles-Golf Therefore the energy that the ball hits the floor with = mh, The proportion of energy lost when ball hits the floor = The Coefficient to the restitution of the two objects (C, All of the energy that the ball leaves the floor with is converted back into GPE, If dropping a ball in a vacuum all you need to know in order to know how high the ball will bounce to is h, can be found out by looking at a graph, the gradient, as a percentage of 1 gives the amount of energy conserved and therefore C. The clamp stand will be clamped down to the desk using a g-clamp to prevent it falling over and causing possible injuries. What factors affect the bounce of a dropped ball? This would mean that one could re-examine the height to which it bounced to and find it exactly instead of having to make a split second judgement which is not half as accurate. Newton's third law states that every force or action has an equal and opposite reaction. Since v2 = 2gh, the CoR = v/v = sqrt(h/h) where h is the height of the bounce and h is the height from which the ball is dropped. WebPhysics Lab 1 - Bouncing Ball - Hardik December 2019 PDF Bookmark This document was uploaded by user and they confirmed that they have the permission to share it. Several meter sticks for measuring the height of the bouncing ball or drawing a larger meter stick. 1. It shows that heights were recorded that exceeded the height that the ball would have reached had it been dropped in a vacuum. For instance, air resistance would slow down the tennis ball much more when it is dropped from 100 m than when dropped from 1 m. This difference in impact speed would probably affect the bounce height. The relative height of the bounce should be h/h = CoR2 = 0.72 = 0.49. Additionally we were able to practice reading a lab, taking data and making a graph. It travels upwards towards its highest point. Studying tables and graphs, we can see trends that tell us how different variables cause our observations. Report DMCA Overview In this experiment the only variable that we modify is the type or flexibility of bounce surface and we keep all other variables unchanged. WebThe scientific method consists of five steps: -Observation/research: The first step is to research and collect as much background information on your chosen question as you can. The total energy of the system remains the same; the potential energy changes to kinetic energy, but no energy is lost. The format you use to write your bibliography may look like this: Are you ready for more advanced ball drop projects? Gravitational potential energy means energy that an object has based on where it is located in a gravitational field. The Particular experiment is about : How does the drop height of a ball affects the bounce height of the ball. You Hence when a force is applied to a surface, it also applies a force equal in magnitude, but in the opposite direction. When a ball drops in air there is air resistance to which the ball loses energy in the form of thermal energy. If you follow the motion of either ball, youll realize that theres a moment halfway through its bounce when the ball is perfectly motionless in contact with the floor. Why or why not? Dependent Variable: The Bounce (How height is the ball going to Bounce) because of the This coefficient of restitution, e, is actually the ratio of the velocity of recession (upwards after the bounce) to the velocity of approach (downward before the bounce). WebThe main variables in a science experiment are the independent variable, the dependent variable and the control variables. Purpose A ball falls from 8 metres and rebounds to 52 percent of its previous height. This means it will be travelling the same speed when it hits the ground. When dropped on a solid surface, not even a super ball bounces back as high as its initial height, but some balls do bounce a lot better than others. WebControlled Variables: -Golf ball -PVC piping -Angle of Ramp Our controlled variable was Manipulated Variable: -Release point -Distance ball bounces Our manipulated variables was: Dependent Variable: The distance in centimeters from bounce 1 to bounce 2. Hence the final answer is: \(\text{Total distance} = 2 \cdot S_n = 2 \cdot 9.6 m= 19.2m\). This means that the faster that the ball travels the larger the force of air resistance upon it. The variation between results was obtained by taking the minimum result away from the maximum result. If the coefficient to restitution = 0.7, a ball dropping from h1in a vacuum would reach the height of 0.7 h1 after bouncing. WebThere are many different variables that would affect the bounce height of a ball. If the drag is less the ball will fall faster and is less likely to reach its terminal velocity. This means that we can approximately calculate the amount of energy that the ball conserves as it hits the floor and therefore the height to which it will bounce for any given height in a vacuum. If you choose to study on the effect of air pressure inside the ball, your variables will be defined like this: Independent variable (also known as manipulated variable) is the balls air pressure. Summary of task. My hypothesis is based on my observation of balls that are not well inflated. The balls are shown at rest, about to bounce back up. The coefficient of restitution is the ratio of the final to the initial relative speed between two objects after they collide. Control Variables: Definition, Uses & Examples - Statistics By Jim The distance along the ramp which the balls rolls. Also the mass of the ball affects the chances of the ball reaching its terminal velocity. StudySmarter is commited to creating, free, high quality explainations, opening education to all. This is impossible. What is the force that causes a ball to bounce? When raw data gets processed mathematically, for example, it becomes results. The controlled variables in this experiment are the surface the ball is rolling on, the material the ball is made of, the size of the ball, the measuring devices being used, the distance the ball travels, and the method being used to release the ball each time, for example the position of the hand. The control variable is not part of an experiment itselfit is neither the independent nor dependent variable but it is important because it can have an effect on the results. The balls finish up with the same amount of energy and the only energy given out is thermal energy. Please note that many online stores for science supplies are managed by MiniScience. "